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& e e h s m w N. 3E. ,S S SG U A B R n A E ...G m .owu m m m 0 LW .3 P W a d o M 0 w No. 529,656. Patented Nov. 20, 1894.

Wzbzesses UNIT- D Srlrr'ns- PATENT OFFICE.

WILLIAM-A. LORENZ AND EDWARD E. GLAUSSEN, OF HARTFORD, CON- NEOTICUT, ASSIGNORS TO ALBERT-H. YVALKER, TRUSTEE, OF SAME PLACE;

PROCESS OF MAKING PAP R BAGS.

SPECIFICATION formingpart of Letters Patent No. 529,656, dated November 20, 1894.

Application filed May 6, 1894. Serial No. 510,185. (No specimens.)

f all whom it may concern.-

Be it known that we, WILLIAM A. LORENZ and EDWARD E. OLAUssEN, citizens of the United States, residing at Hartford, in the county of Hartford and State of Connecticut, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Processes ofMaking Paper Bags, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact specification.

This invention is a new and improved process of forming square bottomed paper bags from bellows sidedtubing.

It consists essentially in the method as herein set forth of completing the formation of the folds which are to compose the actual bottom of the bag, before forming or reducing to their final proportions the right angled triangular folds in the bellows sides of the body of the blank which enable the finished bag to be collapsed for convenience in packing and transportation. In the various processes heretofore employed in making this class of paper bags, it has been customary to makea preliminary crossfold in the blank, or in one ply thereof, on the line yy, ata distance from the intended-plane of the bag bottom equal to the depth of the bellows side tucks of the blank and to form the above mentioned triangular folds in their final right angled proportions either before or simultaneously with the actual bottom folds of the bags. These several folds are so intricate, and'their relation to each other is so involved that extreme accuracy is required in the devices used for forming them, and in the tucked tube blanks in which they are made. Failure in either to meet these exacting requirements have resuited in more or less distorted and imperfect bag bottoms. Therefore when the triangular folds are made in their final exact proportions either before or simultaneously with the bottom folds, it often happens that inaccuracies originating in the former, are thrown into the latter folds. These latter folds are for permanently closing the bottom of the bags, and they are therefore of much greaterimportance than the triangular folds, which exist merely for the temporary purpose of enabling the finished bags to be collapsed, and which therefore do not affect the utility of the paper bag itself.

In the herein described process we separate the plies of the blank to a greater distance than is required for the final proportions of the triangular folds, and thus allow plenty of slack in the side tucks. bottom folds, the effect of which is to form in the slack side tucks rather indefinitely outlined acute triangular folds, which are afterward reduced to definite right angled proportions by the operation of collapsing the finished bag. I

This process may be applied to the folding of blanks which are of a suitable length for a single bag, and it may also be applied to the folding of the ends of a blank of su'fficient length to form two bags. Both of these applications of this process are represented in the accompanying drawings.

Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings are plan views, and Fig. 3 is an end view of a double blank such as above referred to. Figs. 4 to 12 inclusiye are isometric views of the double.

blank representing the progressive steps of our process. Fig. lSllOWS the blank. In Fig. 5 its ends are turned up substantially at right angles to its body. In Fig. 6 the plies are shown slightly opened. In Fig. 7 the side folds of the bottoms are defined. In Fig. 8 the diamonds are shown completed. In Fig. 9 the positions of the paste lines are shown. In Fig. 10 the end flaps of the blank are folded down and the side tucks partially colof progress in the completion of the side triangular folds by the continued collapsing of the side tucks above those folds. Fig. 12 represents the two completed bags fully flattened down and separated from each other. Figs. 13 to 19 inclusive represent a single tucked tube blank, and the progressive steps of our process as applied thereto, dilfering from that shown in the preceding figures in the respect that the bottom is formed without first'turning up both plies at a right angle to the body of the blank. The steps of the process represented in Figs. 13, 14., and 16 correspond to those shown in Figs. 4, 7, 8

We then form the lapsed. In Fig. 11 is shown a further stage I ive ends of the blanks being folded u pon those and 10 respectively. Fig. 17 represents the completed bag with its bottom still in the relative position to the body in which it was formed, while Fig. 18 shows the bottom turned down upon the body of the blank. Fig. 19 is an enlarged isometric view of the blank, showing more clearly the operation of reducing the long triangular side folds of Figs. 7, 8, and 15 to the right angle proportions which enable the bag to be collapsed. This view also illustrates how that reduction of those folds may commence before the end flaps of the diamond are folded.

The lines :r-a: upon the blank indicate the location of the planes of the bag bottoms, the paper between those lines and their respectlines to form those bottoms.

The lines z-z indicate approximately the distances from the ends of the blanks to which we prefer to open the plies while making the bottom folds, and to which therefore the side triangular folds will extend during that operation, as represented by the lines 25.

The lines y-y are those of the final transverse fold (see Figs. 12 and 18) at which the side triangular folds terminate as represented by the lines 5 of Fig. 2 when reduced to their right angled proportions.

The operation of our process as shown in Figs. 5 to 12 inclusive, is as follows:The blank 1 being turned up at approximately the lines 2-2 the upper and lower plies 2 and 3 are separated and the side tucks pushed outward as shown in Figs. 6 and 7, so that those plies and tucks form a rectangle at the lines a:-a';, while the acute angled triangles 6 are formed in the side tucks, extending from the lines a;--a: to the lines zz. Then the side walls 4 and 5 are folded toward each other to form the diamond fold as shown in Fig. 8. Faste being now applied, as in Fig. 9 andthe flaps being folded in the usual way, the side tucks are brought together as shown in Figs.'10 and 11, thus reducing the acute angled triangles 6 to right angular proportions, which permit of their being folded inwardly against their respective bottoms, thereby enabling the bags to be collapsed, as shown in Fig. 12. That figure also represents 'the completed bags as separated from each other, which may be done by a shear, or by other well known devices.

The operation of our process as shown in Figs. 13 to 18 inclusive is performed upon a single blank in a manner difiering from that justdescribed mainl yin the circumstance that the bottom of the bag is formed in a plane at right angles to the body of the blank, asin Fig. 17 and is then turned down upon that body as in Fig. 18. That circumstance is not a material one either in the folding of a single or a double blank, as our process concerns only the bottom ends of the blank as far as the lines z--z, and is independent of the relative position of that part of the blank which is beyond those lines. For convenience in carrying out this process upon double blanks by means of machinery we believe it to be preferable to turn up the ends of the blanks as shown in Figs. 5 to 10, as the two bottoms are thereby formed in the same plane, and the mechanical devices for operating upon the two bottoms may be mounted side by side, each pair upon a single shaft.

It is not an essential feature of this process that the bottom flaps shall be folded before commencing to collapse theside tucks. That collapsing may commence as soon as the bottom folds 4 and 5 are made, as shown in Fig. 19, as there is then no longer any danger of thereby distorting those bottom folds.

In some of the methods of carrying out this process by means of machinery it will be found preferable thus to begin the collapsing of the side tucks as represented in Fig. 19, for convenience in guiding and supporting the bottom while its flaps are being pasted and folded. The two bags formed from the double blank may, if desired, be cut apart before they are quite completed, or they may be delivered from the machine in a pile, to be afterward cut apart at one stroke.

NVe claim as our invention- 1. The herein described process of folding a square bottomed paper bag from bellows sided tubing, which consists in expanding one end of the tubing to a distance beyond the intended plane of the bag bottom substantially greater than the depth of the bellows tucks of the tubing, turning down the side walls at the above mentioned plane to form the diamond fold, pasting and crossfolding the end flaps of the diamond, collapsing the bag by closing the bellows side plies and forming the right angled triangular folds therein, substantially as described.

2. That process of converting a bellows sided blank into two square bottomed paper bags, which consists in turning up the ends of the blank upon the lines zz located beyond the intended planes m-a: of the respective bag bottoms a distance substantially greater than the depth ofthe bellows side tucks of the blank and expanding the ends of the blank into rectangular form at the lines w-m thus producing the acute angled triangular folds 6, folding down the side walls 4 and 5 into the diamond form, pasting and cross-folding the end flaps of the diamonds, collapsing the blank by re-closing the side tucks as far as the lines y-y, thus reducing the acute angled triangular folds to right angled proportions and collapsing the blank, separating the two bags bycuttin g them apart, all substantially as described.

\VILLIAM A. LORENZ, EIHVARD E. OLAUSSEN.

Witnesses:

W. H. HONISS, H. MALLNER. 

